Theoretical and experimental work has been carried out to study the longitudinal space-charge effects in a retarding field energy analyzer.A one-dimensional, steady state model for both a monoenergetic beam and a thermal beam has been developed for this purpose.Potential improvements of using two-dimensional and time-dependent solutions are also br

The friction coefficient between the tire and the road is one of the key parameters affecting road traffic safety.The purpose of this paper is to quantify the risk of skidding for the vehicles due to the friction evolution caused by the traffic polishing in the horizontal curve.Based on the reliability theory, an innovative dynamic risk assessment

Exploring the cultural pragmatic speech of the Makassar people of various ages and genders is a popular trend in current pragmatic research.However, most of the previous studies have only obtained data from speakers of different genders and ages and have not addressed the cultural influences that influence them.Therefore, the purpose of this study

This paper presents a new adaptive learning algorithm to automatically design a neural fuzzy model.This constructive learning algorithm attempts to identify the structure of the model based on an architectural self-organization mechanism with a data-driven approach.The proposed training algorithm self-organizes the model with intuitive adding, merg

The Early Celtic site of the Heuneburg (Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany) has long been understood as a hallmark of early urbanization in Central Europe.The rich collection of Mediterranean imports recovered from the settlement, the elite burials in its surroundings and the Mediterranean-inspired mudbrick fortification wall further point to the importan